Posted: Sun Aug 20, 2006 7:59 pm
¡HOLA A TODOS!
Contestando a la pregunta de Art, no sabría decir exactamente el motivo, pero, a día de hoy, los ancianos de Castrillón cuando se refieren a la gente que emigró a Norteamérica a primeros del siglo XX, dicen que se fueron al "Norte"; así lo oyeron a sus padres y así lo continúan diciendo.
Supongo que a principios de siglo, decían "al Norte" por Norteamérica. Imagino que se daba por sentado que los emigrantes seguían yendo a América; antes iban al Sur y al Centro, y ahora, al "Norte".
Sabéis que Asturias, España entera, fue desde siempre tierra de emigrantes. Viajaban a Cuba, Sudamérica y Centroamérica, en realidad viajaban a "España". Buscaban fortuna y querían evitar el Servicio Militar. Allí no tenían problemas con el idioma; muchos volvieron y crearon fundaciones: escuelas cuya finalidad última era educar a nuevos emigrantes que se ocupasen de sus empresas en Ultramar (Rionda-Polledo, Álvarez Galán...).
Sin embargo, la emigración de 1903 y siguientes fueron algo distinto. Los emigrantes procedían de un territorio muy pequeño: Castrillón, Avilés, Illas y Gozón. Esta emigración fue consecuencia de las huelgas, despidos y represalias de 1903 en la R.C.A. de Minas de Arnao.
Los fundidores en la R.C.A. se fueron a trabajar de fundidores en las fábricas de West Virginia, que nunca había sido territorio español y donde se hablaba inglés. Ya no buscaban fortuna, simplemente se habían quedado sin trabajo en su tierra y se fueron a donde había demanda de mano de obra especializada.
También parece que hubo un "efecto llamada". Mujeres que se habían ido primero a Cuba y viajaron después a West Virginia, matrimonios por poderes, sobrinos, hijos, padres, acudieron a Norteamérica a reunirse con los suyos. Ya no trabajaron todos de fundidores o mineros; muchos abrieron sus propios negocios, encontraron otro tipo de trabajo, etc. Pero eso seguro que lo sabéis mejor vosotros que yo...
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trans. Art
HELLO TO ALL!
In answer to Art's question, I wouldn't be able to say why exactly, but to this day the old people from Castrillón, when they talk about the people who emigrated to North America in the early 20th century, say that they went to the "North" [el "Norte"]. That's what they heard their parents say, and that's what they continue to say.
I suppose that at the beginning of century, they said "the North" to mean North America. I imagine that this meaning came about because the emigrants were continuing to go to the Americas. Earlier they went to the South and Central [America], and then to the "North."
You know that Asturias, as well as the whole of Spain, had always been a land of emigrants. They traveled to Cuba, South America and Central America, in fact they traveled to "Spain" [in that they traveled to places under the Spanish crown and language.] They were looking for fortune and they wanted to avoid the military service. There they did not have problems with the language; many returned and created charitable foundations: schools whose ultimate purpose was to educate new emigrants who could take care of their overseas companies (Rionda-Polledo, Alvarez Gallant…).
Nevertheless, the emigration of 1903 and following was something different. The emigrants came from a very small territory: Castrillón, Avilés, Illas and Gozón. This emigration was the consequence of the strikes, dismissals and retaliation in 1903 at the R.C.A. of Mines of Arnao.
The R.C.A. zinc smelter workers left to work as smelter workers in the factories of West Virginia, and that place had never been Spanish territory and English was spoken there. [In this case, the emigrants] were no longer looking for fortune. They had simply found themselves without work in their homeland and so they went where there was a demand for their skilled labor.
Also it seems that there was a “call effect”. Women who had gone away first to Cuba and traveled later to West Virginia, marriages by proxy, nephews, children, parents, all went to North America to meet with their family members. No longer did all of them work as smelter workers or miners. Many opened their own businesses, found another type of work, etc. But I'm sure that you all know this part better than I.
_________________
[Art: This is a loose translation of Mafalda's signature] “Begin your day with a smile, and you will see how amusing it is to go about your way totally out of synch with the rest of the world.”
Contestando a la pregunta de Art, no sabría decir exactamente el motivo, pero, a día de hoy, los ancianos de Castrillón cuando se refieren a la gente que emigró a Norteamérica a primeros del siglo XX, dicen que se fueron al "Norte"; así lo oyeron a sus padres y así lo continúan diciendo.
Supongo que a principios de siglo, decían "al Norte" por Norteamérica. Imagino que se daba por sentado que los emigrantes seguían yendo a América; antes iban al Sur y al Centro, y ahora, al "Norte".
Sabéis que Asturias, España entera, fue desde siempre tierra de emigrantes. Viajaban a Cuba, Sudamérica y Centroamérica, en realidad viajaban a "España". Buscaban fortuna y querían evitar el Servicio Militar. Allí no tenían problemas con el idioma; muchos volvieron y crearon fundaciones: escuelas cuya finalidad última era educar a nuevos emigrantes que se ocupasen de sus empresas en Ultramar (Rionda-Polledo, Álvarez Galán...).
Sin embargo, la emigración de 1903 y siguientes fueron algo distinto. Los emigrantes procedían de un territorio muy pequeño: Castrillón, Avilés, Illas y Gozón. Esta emigración fue consecuencia de las huelgas, despidos y represalias de 1903 en la R.C.A. de Minas de Arnao.
Los fundidores en la R.C.A. se fueron a trabajar de fundidores en las fábricas de West Virginia, que nunca había sido territorio español y donde se hablaba inglés. Ya no buscaban fortuna, simplemente se habían quedado sin trabajo en su tierra y se fueron a donde había demanda de mano de obra especializada.
También parece que hubo un "efecto llamada". Mujeres que se habían ido primero a Cuba y viajaron después a West Virginia, matrimonios por poderes, sobrinos, hijos, padres, acudieron a Norteamérica a reunirse con los suyos. Ya no trabajaron todos de fundidores o mineros; muchos abrieron sus propios negocios, encontraron otro tipo de trabajo, etc. Pero eso seguro que lo sabéis mejor vosotros que yo...
---------------------
trans. Art
HELLO TO ALL!
In answer to Art's question, I wouldn't be able to say why exactly, but to this day the old people from Castrillón, when they talk about the people who emigrated to North America in the early 20th century, say that they went to the "North" [el "Norte"]. That's what they heard their parents say, and that's what they continue to say.
I suppose that at the beginning of century, they said "the North" to mean North America. I imagine that this meaning came about because the emigrants were continuing to go to the Americas. Earlier they went to the South and Central [America], and then to the "North."
You know that Asturias, as well as the whole of Spain, had always been a land of emigrants. They traveled to Cuba, South America and Central America, in fact they traveled to "Spain" [in that they traveled to places under the Spanish crown and language.] They were looking for fortune and they wanted to avoid the military service. There they did not have problems with the language; many returned and created charitable foundations: schools whose ultimate purpose was to educate new emigrants who could take care of their overseas companies (Rionda-Polledo, Alvarez Gallant…).
Nevertheless, the emigration of 1903 and following was something different. The emigrants came from a very small territory: Castrillón, Avilés, Illas and Gozón. This emigration was the consequence of the strikes, dismissals and retaliation in 1903 at the R.C.A. of Mines of Arnao.
The R.C.A. zinc smelter workers left to work as smelter workers in the factories of West Virginia, and that place had never been Spanish territory and English was spoken there. [In this case, the emigrants] were no longer looking for fortune. They had simply found themselves without work in their homeland and so they went where there was a demand for their skilled labor.
Also it seems that there was a “call effect”. Women who had gone away first to Cuba and traveled later to West Virginia, marriages by proxy, nephews, children, parents, all went to North America to meet with their family members. No longer did all of them work as smelter workers or miners. Many opened their own businesses, found another type of work, etc. But I'm sure that you all know this part better than I.
_________________
[Art: This is a loose translation of Mafalda's signature] “Begin your day with a smile, and you will see how amusing it is to go about your way totally out of synch with the rest of the world.”